At level 1 you don't need any gear. You get cheap weapons/tools and a bit of gear every 5 levels with your job quest. There is a "recommendation" icon you can click to dress you up in your highest level gear for that class/archetype, which works reasonably well.
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For starter gear you can buy somewhat cheap (the same as crafted gear) from the NPC vendors that are all around the world. In Gridania, this is in the long hall south of the market boards: Independent Tailor and Independent Jeweler. Ask for "Disciple of War Gear" or "Disciple of Magic Gear". NPCs out in the field have level limited gear selection depending on the area.
Those are most often cheaper than the crafted ones you can find on the market board. Some green items from starter dungeons are also cheap on the market board.
Also, you get 4 items of gear from the "Hall of the Novice" quests for all three archetypes (tank, physical, caster). If you did those with a caster and want physical gear, too, then you cen redo the ones that hand out gear as another class.