The March 2020 attack was in Libya and perpetrated by a Turkish Kargu-2 quadcopter drone against the forces of the Libyan National Army. The Kargu-2 is fitted with an explosive charge and the drone can be directed at a target in a kamikaze attack, detonating on impact. The drones were operating in a "highly effective" autonomous mode that required no human controller and the report notes:
"The lethal autonomous weapons systems were programmed to attack targets without requiring data connectivity between the operator and the munition: in effect, a true ‘fire, forget and find’ capability" – suggesting the drones attacked on their own.
Zak Kallenborn, at the National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism in Maryland, said this could be the first time that drones have autonomously attacked humans and raised the alarm.