You'd think that curve would change the higher in an organization you go, but at that level, the curve is really measuring political skill/positioning. And that's probably negatively correlated to the "actually being useful" curve...
When the "with" block starts, "file" is the actual filehandle you opened and can operate on. Then in that one line in the with block, the variable "file" gets reassigned to the read contents of the file, but only after the file.read() executed. Its like "x = x + 1", x only gets assigned the new value after the right hand side calculation is done. The actual "file" handle is freed after that, because its reference counter drops to zero, as the variable "file" is no longer referencing it.
Will the garbage collector be that aggressive? And what happened to the with block wanting to call the file handle's __exit__ function?
VP level people are nearly always retards, in my experience. I have never worked a gig where the team leads did not know more than the CTO as well.
For practical purposes, the garbage collector cleans up at the __exit__() method, when the "local" variables are to be removed. Technically, the "with" statetment is a "try ... except ... finally" around a context manager, which works like an object. The assignments in the "with" statement itself are considered local to that context and attached to the context manager, so they get cleaned up when the context manager is removed itself. The context manager basically has a reference to the first variable "file", but the new variable called "file" is created as a different variable as it gets reassigned.
You can't really debug this with the Python interpreter. The "with" statement is a compound statement, and those only get executed once the compound statement has been fully parsed. If you have a Linux system it would look a bit like this
#!/bin/env python3
import os
import sys
import subprocess
with open('test.txt', 'r') as file:
print(type(file))
print(sys.getrefcount(file))
os.system('ls -al /proc/%d/fd' % os.getpid())
file = file.read()
print(type(file))
print(sys.getrefcount(file))
os.system('ls -al /proc/%d/fd' % os.getpid())
os.system('ls -al /proc/%d/fd' % os.getpid())<class '_io.TextIOWrapper'>
3
total 0
dr-x------ 2 user user 0 Jun 23 15:45 .
dr-xr-xr-x 9 user user 0 Jun 23 15:45 ..
lrwx------ 1 user user 64 Jun 23 15:45 0 -> /dev/pts/13
lrwx------ 1 user user 64 Jun 23 15:45 1 -> /dev/pts/13
lrwx------ 1 user user 64 Jun 23 15:45 2 -> /dev/pts/13
lr-x------ 1 user user 64 Jun 23 15:45 3 -> /home/user/test.txt
2
<class 'str'>
total 0
dr-x------ 2 user user 0 Jun 23 15:45 .
dr-xr-xr-x 9 user user 0 Jun 23 15:45 ..
lrwx------ 1 user user 64 Jun 23 15:45 0 -> /dev/pts/13
lrwx------ 1 user user 64 Jun 23 15:45 1 -> /dev/pts/13
lrwx------ 1 user user 64 Jun 23 15:45 2 -> /dev/pts/13
lr-x------ 1 user user 64 Jun 23 15:45 3 -> /home/user/test.txt
total 0
dr-x------ 2 user user 0 Jun 23 15:45 .
dr-xr-xr-x 9 user user 0 Jun 23 15:45 ..
lrwx------ 1 user user 64 Jun 23 15:45 0 -> /dev/pts/13
lrwx------ 1 user user 64 Jun 23 15:45 1 -> /dev/pts/13
rrwx------ 1 user user 64 Jun 23 15:45 2 -> /dev/pts/13Python is not even my main job, but I still have to work with so much old Python 2 code, that my brain basically mixed and blended everything together in one big "Python" pile.
Been working with Python as my main language(but not my main job, QA engineer/manager) for 5+ years, but learned a few things from your post, thanks!
I think the three references are globals(), locals() and the context manager.
I think what you want to know is the difference in HTTP methods for REST:
restfulapi.net
I don't think that the distinction is just GET vs POST since I have both in my scenarios that are only using the URL and ?query= parameters, but thanks for the summary on the distinction between those two. I'll go take a look at the full link now and see if I can make more sense of it. Thanks!I think what you want to know is the difference in HTTP methods for REST:
HTTP Methods - REST API Tutorial
REST guidelines suggest using a specific HTTP method on a particular type of call made to the server i.e. GET, POST, PUT or DELETE.
GET is used when only retrieving data, and it is implied that it does not change any data (like retrieving records), so what data to retrieve can be encoded only in the URL.
POST is used when you are commiting data, and data is sent in the body of the HTTP transfer. This usually makes the browser warn you, that if you navigate back that you would "re-post" data already sent.
There are others (read the link above), but that's basically the difference of the two you mentioned.
It's post vs something else... my brain is fuzzy. One is parameters passed via URL the other is in the body of the reply? I think? I hate the internet.