My understanding is that the point of the novel was not "missed", but purposefully avoided. That makes it a very unfaithful adaptation, but also a great movie.
It's nice that it kinda seems rehabilitated in the US somehow. Two decades ago, when the film was discussed on message boards like this one, almost all the american posters hated it (mainly because they took it at face value) and almost all european posters loved it (mainly because they saw the dark humor / spoof / satire in it). I am not sure exactly why. Maybe a greater familiarity with the source material in the US influenced the reading grid while european viewers had no preconceived notion of what the film was about ? Another factor might be that the satire-o-meter is beeping when there is too big a gap between the norm and what is presented and that gap was much greater for europeans than for americans exposed daily to CNN or a burgeoning Fox News.
There might also simply be cultural differences at work, like a different relationship to armed forces and to war and also different depictions of those in fiction (I am not familiar with the topic, but I can't think off the top of my head of a european war movie that is not anti-war at its core). The evolution of the reception of the film in the US might also be related with the fact the themes of the movie ring differently now than a few years after the first gulf war. And of course there are big cultural differences when it comes to comedy. Hints at that lie in language. In french for instance there are very common expressions like "degrés de lecture", "au premier degré", "au second degré" (literal translations would be "reading degrees", "on first degree", "on second degree") to describe the differences between what is said and what is meant. There are somewhat equivalent expressions in english like "at face value" (that I used earlier) or "with a grain of salt", but it's not the same...
That being said, I remember some french film critics at the time that also took it at face value and trashed it as just another dumb american sci-fi war movie. Their reading grid was probably also skewed before setting foot in the theater, but in a different way : since they expected the movie to be dumb, it escaped them that it could be playing dumb.