RE: leveling.
The fastest way that involves the least amount of lucky eggs is to farm whatever is shitty and common by you, pidgey/weedle preferred as they only take 12 candies/3 catches to be able to evolve one. Save up a few hundred candies and eat an egg then spam tier 2 evolve (don't worry about tier 3), each one is 1000xp with an egg running, so if you save up ~240 pidgey candy that's a couple of levels right there until you get to the 20 range.
If you don't mind throwing $$ at it then yea, find someplace you can reach 3+ stops at once and lure them all and eat an egg. It rolls in pretty fast when you're harvesting 3 stops every ~5 minutes and catching pokemon nonstop in between. This WILL run you out of balls though, so be careful that you have downtime to farm in between luring/egging.
I wouldn't really worry about leveling up pokemon until you get to 20 either. That's the soft cap (xp gets ridiculous after that, I need 125k to get to 24), and wild caught pokemon CP will go up the higher level you are, so anything you blew a ton of dust on leveling while you were 12 or whatever will be totally overshadowed by whatever you catch at 20. That Scyther I have for example, that's how I caught him, no need to waste a billion caterpie candies and dust trying to level/evolve them, he holds his own at 1000 or whatever, and I have like 75 candy sitting around that I can throw at him to get him in top shape if I really care to (he kinda sucks though).