you don't mean it this way but you can through use and repetition based on social and enviromental factors.
Sounds to me like you're talking about neural pathways which yes, can absolutely be strengthened or deteriorated or re-mapped based on what they're exposed to. Someone who's blind, for example, can have neural receptors based on touch spread out into areas of the brain intended for visual input. This not only leads to a greater ability to feel small differences but to being able to "visualize" what is being felt. I read
this book years ago for a class and I loved it. It mentions technology that allowed monochrome lo-res video to be transmitted to the brain of a blind person via electric pulses sent to the surface of their tongue, essentially allowing them to "see".
Here's the current state of that tech, or so Google tells me. Brain plasticity is absolutely incredible. But I've never seen anything that suggested that the size and shape of parts of the brain change due to neural plasticity.
Don't get me wrong, there are a lot of articles talking about "changing the shape of your brain", but they're pretty much exaggerating and using metaphor for the sake of communicability. Here's the physical aspect of what neural plasticity is:
- Active brain regions get more blood flow, since they need more oxygen and glucose.
- The genes inside neurons get more or less active depending on the frequency with which the neuron fires.
- Neural connections that aren’t active weaken and wither. Use it or lose it.
The synapses, connections between neurons, get more sensitive when routinely activated simultaneously, and new neurons are formed, producing thicker neural layers, in busy regions. Neurons that fire together, wire together.
Notice that none of that actually affects the physical shape of the brain. There's certainly nothing that suggests you can change the shape of your cortex. Here's a quote from one of the studies I linked:
CTh studies have shown that females have a thicker cortex than males, even in studies that control for ICV, body size, and age
This is a basic biological difference between men and women, and yet you get consistently different results from transgender people, in ways that can't be faked or tricked with "feelings".
Science has an explanation.